How can nematodes impact plant health?

Nematodes can significantly impact plant health, particularly through their ability to damage plant roots. Many species of nematodes, especially those classified as plant-parasitic nematodes, invade the root systems of various plants. This invasion can lead to a variety of detrimental effects, including root galls, lesions, and other forms of physical damage that disrupt the plant's ability to absorb water and nutrients effectively. As a result, plants may exhibit reduced growth, vigor, and overall health, potentially leading to diminished crop yields or vitality in ornamental species.

The other choices do not accurately reflect the relationship between nematodes and plant health. Enhancing root growth or decomposing organic matter does not align with the behavior of harmful nematodes. While some nematode species do participate in beneficial ecological functions, those specific to plant health often pose a threat rather than provide benefits such as soil moisture stabilization. Thus, understanding the adverse effects of plant-parasitic nematodes is crucial for effective pest management and maintaining healthy plant ecosystems.